| Okehampton
has been greeting visitors for over 2000 years. Some were invaders
rather than visitors! The area was initially settled in the bronze
age, extensive evidence of which can still be found on the slopes
of surrounding moorland.
Saxon
rule came in the 7th century; the name 'Ocmundtune', meaning settlement
by the Ockement, is first recorded in AD 980 as a place where slaves
were freed at a cross-roads so they could choose their own destiny.
The Saxon settlement was probably built up around the parish church,
which still stands over half a mile from the modern town.
The
Saxon lords were overthrown however, by Norman conquerors. Baldwin
de Brion, the first Norman Sheriff established Okehampton Castle
as the administration centre of his vast estates in Devon. These
passed by marriage to the Courtenay family, who rebuilt the castle
as a lavish but defended country retreat. Then, in 1538, Henry VIII
seized the estate and had Henry; the 9th Parl, beheaded for conspiracy.
The
town grew in importance during the Middle Ages, but the great castle
never saw a shot fired in anger. Strangely, this remained the case
even during the Civil War, where Okehampton was careful not to take
sides. The forces of both the Royalists and Roundheads used the
town as a garrison at some stage.
Visitors
today can step back into the past with a visit to the substantial
ruins of Okehampton Castle, which dramatically stand just a short
distance from the Town Centre and is administered by English Heritage.
If
ever there was an industrial "revolution", it was on Dartmoor
during the Middle Ages! The technology; scale and political organisation
of the tin industry was truly amazing. Trade in tin and wool created
wealth, which led to the rebuilding of many local churches. Much
of this history can be explored at the Museum of Dartmoor Life,
where you'll find a variety of relics tracing the history of the
moor and its people down the years.
The
extraordinary tale of the 1549 Prayer Book Rebellion hails from
these parts. Over 800 local villagers and Cornishmen were killed
in the civil unrest. The final battle took place near Sampford Courtenay,
a village just a few minutes drive from Okehampton.
Okehampton
was a so-called "rotten borough", returning two members
of parliament from the 1300's right up to 1832. Many well known
names represented the town, such as Clive of India and William Pitt
the Elder, despite having no connection with it, only a qualifying
land holding.
Other
famous visitors included John and Charles Wesley, who received a
warm welcome from the Quakers at nearby Sticklepath. The famous
white rock where John Wesley preached can still be seen.
Finally
the 19th Century saw great improvements in communications, with
better roads and in 1871 the coming of the railway, which resulted
in many more visitors coming to see the town’s greatest heritage
asset Dartmoor.
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